Prostate cancer volume associates with preoperative plasma levels of testosterone that independently predicts high grade tumours which show low densities (quotient testosterone/tumour volume)

doi:10.1016/j.ajur.2015.11.006

Asian Journal of Urology, 2016, 3 (1): 26-32 doi: 10.1016/j.ajur.2015.11.006

Original Article

Prostate cancer volume associates with preoperative plasma levels of testosterone that independently predicts high grade tumours which show low densities (quotient testosterone/tumour volume)

Antonio B. Porcaro^a, Aldo Petrozziello^b, Matteo Brunelli^c, Filippo Migliorini^a, Giovanni Cacciamani^a, Davide De Marchi^a, Nicolo' de Luyk^a, Irene Tamanini^a, Beatrice Caruso^d, Maria A. Cerruto^a, Claudio Ghimenton^c, Walter Artibani^a

a Clinica Urologica, Ospedale Policlinico ed Ospedale Civile Maggiore, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy;
b Medicina Interna/Endocrinologia, Ospedale Policlinico ed Ospedale Civile Maggiore, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy;
c Anatomia Patologica, Ospedale Policlinico ed Ospedale Civile Maggiore, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy;
d Medicina di Laboratorio, Ospedale Policlinico ed Ospedale Civile Maggiore, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy

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Abstract Objective: To investigate potential associations of preoperative total testosterone (TT) with tumor volume (TV) and grade of prostate cancer (PCa).
Methods: Patients who were under medications impacting on the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal-testis-prostate axis were excluded. TT was measured preoperatively at least 1 month after biopsies and TV was calculated on the removed prostate specimen. Other continuous variables included total prostate specific antigen (PSA), percentage of positive cores (P+) and weight (W) of the removed prostate. Patients were categorized according to the pathologic Gleason score (pGS) in 3 groups (pGS 6, 7 and > 7). Invasion of the seminal vesicles was coded as seminal vesicle invasion (SVI).
Results: The median levels of TT were significantly and increasingly higher from pGS 6 (14.7 nmol/L) to pGS 7 (15.0 nmol/L) and pGS > 7 (18.8 nmol/L). The median values of TV were also detected significantly and increasingly higher from pGS 6 (5.6 mL) to pGS 7 (8.1 mL) and pGS > 7 (14.8 mL). The median preoperative levels of PSA were also increasing from pGS 6 (5.9 mg/L) to pGS 7 (6.2 μg/L) and pGS > 7 (7.7 μg/L). There was a significant and positive correlation of TV to PSA, TT and P+. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that TV was significantly and independently predicted by TT, PSA and P+. High grade PCa (pGS > 7) independently associated with TV, TT, P+ and SVI. The median density values of TT relative to TV (quotient TT/TV) significantly decreased from pGS 6 (2.6 nmol/L/mL) to pGS 7 (1.9 nmol/L/mL) and pGS > 7 (1.4 nmol/L/mL). The median density values of PSA relative to TV (quotient PSA/TV) also significantly decreased from pGS (1.1 μg/L/mL) to pGS 7 (0.7 μg/L/mL) and pGS > 7 (0.6 μg/L/mL).
Conclusion: The investigation shows that TT relates to volume and grade of PCa; moreover, the density of TT relative to TV inversely associates with rate of increase of cancer that depends on the grade of the tumour.

Key words： Total testosterone Tumour volume Prostate-specific antigen Prostate cancer Pathology Gleason score

Received: 21 August 2015 Published: 29 January 2016

Corresponding Authors: Antonio B. Porcaro E-mail: drporcaro@yahoo.com

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Antonio B. Porcaro,Aldo Petrozziello,Matteo Brunelli, et al. Prostate cancer volume associates with preoperative plasma levels of testosterone that independently predicts high grade tumours which show low densities (quotient testosterone/tumour volume)[J]. Asian Journal of Urology, 2016, 3(1): 26-32.

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http://www.ajurology.com/EN/10.1016/j.ajur.2015.11.006 OR http://www.ajurology.com/EN/Y2016/V3/I1/26

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