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Asian Journal of Urology, 2015, 2(2): 79-84    doi:
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Testis sperm extraction
Kirsten JC Janosek-Albright, Peter N. Schlegel, Ali A. Dabaja
1. Department of Urology, Vattikuti Urology Institute, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA;
2. Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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Abstract  The last 20 years have produced developments in the treatment for patients with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) who were once considered to be infertile.The combination of intracytoplasmic sperm injection together with various testicular sperm retrieval techniques, including conventional testicular sperm extraction (TESE), microdissection TESE (micro-TESE) and fine needle aspiration (FNA), have revolutionized treatment for these men. In men with NOA, isolated regions of spermatogenesis within the testis are common. The goal for all types of sperm retrieval procedures is locating the focal region(s) of spermatogenesis, and harvesting the sperm for assisted reproduction. This review article explores the surgical management of men with NOA and describes all techniques that can be used for testicular sperm retrieval. A PubMed search was conducted using the key words: "sperm extraction", "NOA", "testicular FNA", "testicular mapping", "TESE", and "testicular biopsy". All articles were reviewed. Articles were included if they provided data on sperm retrieval rates. The methods for performing sperm retrieval rates and outcomes of the various techniques are outlined. Micro-TESE has a higher sperm retrieval rates with fewer postoperative complications and negative effects on testicular function compared with conventional TESE.
Key wordsNon-obstructive azoospermia      Microdissection testicular sperm extraction      Fine needle aspiration      Sperm retrieval     
Published: 30 April 2015
Corresponding Authors: Ali A. Dabaja     E-mail: adabaja2@hfhs.org
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Kirsten JC Janosek-Albright
Peter N. Schlegel
Ali A. Dabaja
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Kirsten JC Janosek-Albright,Peter N. Schlegel,Ali A. Dabaja. Testis sperm extraction[J]. Asian Journal of Urology, 2015, 2(2): 79-84.
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