Metastasis in renal cell carcinoma: Biology and implications for therapy

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摘要 Although multiple advances have been made in systemic therapy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC), metastatic RCC remains incurable. In the current review, we focus on the underlying biology of RCC and plausible mechanisms of metastasis. We further outline evolving strategies to combat metastasis through adjuvant therapy. Finally, we discuss clinical patterns of metastasis in RCC and how distinct systemic therapy approaches may be considered based on the anatomic location of metastasis.

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	Jun Gong
	Manuel Caitano Maia
	Nazli Dizman
	Ameish Govindarajan
	Sumanta K. Pal

关键词: Renal cell carcinoma Metastasis Vascular endothelial growth factor Mammalian target of rapamycin Hypoxia inducible factor

Abstract: Although multiple advances have been made in systemic therapy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC), metastatic RCC remains incurable. In the current review, we focus on the underlying biology of RCC and plausible mechanisms of metastasis. We further outline evolving strategies to combat metastasis through adjuvant therapy. Finally, we discuss clinical patterns of metastasis in RCC and how distinct systemic therapy approaches may be considered based on the anatomic location of metastasis.

Key words: Renal cell carcinoma Metastasis Vascular endothelial growth factor Mammalian target of rapamycin Hypoxia inducible factor

收稿日期: 2016-08-19 修回日期: 2016-08-19 出版日期: 2016-10-01 发布日期: 2016-11-02 整期出版日期: 2016-10-01

通讯作者: Sumanta K. Pal,E-mail address: spal@coh.org E-mail: spal@coh.org

引用本文:

Jun Gong, Manuel Caitano Maia, Nazli Dizman, Ameish Govindarajan, Sumanta K. Pal. Metastasis in renal cell carcinoma: Biology and implications for therapy[J]. Asian Journal of Urology, 2016, 3(4): 286-292.
Jun Gong, Manuel Caitano Maia, Nazli Dizman, Ameish Govindarajan, Sumanta K. Pal. Metastasis in renal cell carcinoma: Biology and implications for therapy. Asian Journal of Urology, 2016, 3(4): 286-292.

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http://www.ajurology.com/CN/ 或 http://www.ajurology.com/CN/Y2016/V3/I4/286

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